| Kd;dhs;
gpujkUk; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdUk; rl;lj;juzpAk; kdpj cupik
Mu;tyUk; njhopw;rq;fthjpAkhd> epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk;
nfhz;l ,yq;ifapd; Ie;jhtJ rdhjpgjpahd k`pe;j uh[gf;\
mtu;fs;> kf;fs; rhu;G murpaypy; ePz;l kuigf;nfhz;l
FLk;gj;ijr; rhu;e;jtuhthu;. 2005 etk;gupy; ,lk;ngw;w
ehLjOtpa Nju;jypy; mtu; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk; nfhz;l rdhjpgjpahfj;
njupT nra;ag;gl;lhu;.
njd;dpyq;ifapy; `k;ghe;Njhl;il
khtl;lj;jpy; gy jrhg;jq;fshf mtuJ FLk;gk; nfhz;bUe;j
gykhd nry;thf;Fld; jdJ je;ijahd b.V.uh[gf;\ mtu;fisj;
njhlh;e;J 1970 ,y; ,yq;ifg; ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F gpuNtrpj;jhu;.
kf;fSf;fhf
Fuy;nfhLj;jy;;
njw;fpd; twpa fpuhkpa nghJkf;fSf;fhf
Fuy; nfhLj;J> gpupj;jhdpa fhydpj;Jt Ml;rpf;F vjpuhf
Njhd;wpa ,af;fj;jpd; jiytu; xUtuhf ,Ue;J> 1930 fspy;
`k;ghe;Njhl;il khtl;lj;jpypUe;J rl;l rigf;Fj; njupT
nra;ag;gl;l W`{Dtpd; (,yq;ifapd; njd; gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;fhd
ghuk;gupag; ngau;) rpq;fk; vd mf;fhyj;jpy; mwpag;gl;l
jdJ je;ijtop khkdhuhd b.V.uh[gf;\ mtu;fspdhy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;l
kf;fs; rhu;G murpay; kuig mtu; njhlUfpwhu;. 1945 ,y;
mfhykuzkilAk; tiu jdJ tho;ehs; KOtJk; fpuhkpa kf;fSf;fhf
gzpahw;wpa mtu; fpuhkpa kf;fspdhy; gapuplg;gl;l Fuf;fd;
epwkhd gOg;Gepw rhy;thia mzpAk; tof;fKilatuhf ,Ue;jhu;.
fpuhkpa jiyikj;Jtk;
Neh;ik> JzpT kw;Wk; Fwpg;ghf
fpuhkpa Vio kf;fSf;F Nrit nra;Ak; NghJ vOfpd;w rthy;fSf;F
Kfq;nfhLj;J ciog;gjpy; tplhKaw;rp Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; mwpag;gl;l
murpay;thjpahf ,Ue;j b. vk;. uh[gf;\ mtu;fspd; rNfhjuuhd
b. V. uh[gf;\ njw;fpd; fpuhkpa kf;fSf;F jiyik tfpf;Fk;;
nghWg;igAk; mjpfhuj;ijAk; ngw;wpUe;jNjhL> vjpu;g;G
kw;Wk; vjpu;ghu;g;gpd; milahskhd gOg;Gepw rhy;thapid
mzpAk; ghuk;gupaj;ijAk; cilatuhfTk; ,Ue;jhh;. 1945 ,y;
,lk;ngw;w Jizj; Nju;jypy; mtu; jdJ rNfhjuidj; njhlu;e;J
,uz;lhtJ rl;l kd;wj;jpw;Fg; gpuNtrpj;j NjhL 1947 ,y;
gpupj;jhdpahtplkpUe;J Rje;jpuj;ijg; ngw Kd;du; tptrhak;>
fhzp njhlu;ghd rl;lkd;wf; FOtpYk; cs;slf;fg;gl;lhu;.
fhzpaw;w ghku kf;fspd; NjitfspYk; tptrha mgptpUj;jpapYk;
mtUf;Ff; fhzg;gl;l Mu;tj;jpdhy; jpU. b .V .uh[gf;\ mtu;fs;
fhzpaw;w nghJkf;fSf;F Ie;J Vf;fu; fhzpj; Jz;Lfis toq;Ftjw;fhf
Kbf;Fupa fhzpfis khw;Wtjw;fhd 99 tUl Fj;jifj; jpl;lnkhd;iw
Kd;itj;jhu;. eLj;ju tUkhd ciog;ghsUf;F 10 Kjy; 50 Vf;fu;
fhzpfs; mNj mikg;gpy; ghuhjPdg;gLj;jg;gl;ld. ,e;j eltbf;ifahdJ
,yq;ifapd; njd;gFjpapy; Ntshz;ikf;Fk; njq;Fg; gapu;nra;iff;Fk;
Xu; cj;Ntfj;ij mspj;jJ.
`k;ghe;Njhl;il khtl;lj;jpd; ngypaj;j
Nju;jy; njhFjpapypUe;J 1947 ,y; KjyhtJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;Fj;
njupT nra;ag;gl;l mtu; MSq;fl;rpahd If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpapd;
cWg;gpduhf 1951 tiu ,Ue;jNjhL nfhs;if tplaq;fs; njhlu;gpy;
Kuz;gl;ljdhy fhyQ;nrd;w v];.lgps;A.Mu;.b. gz;lhuehaf;fhTld;;
,ize;J vjpu;f;fl;rpf;F khwpdhu;. ,JNt Nrhrypr rdehaf
nfhs;iffSf;F Cd;WNfhshftpUe;j = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd;
cUthf;fj;jpw;Fk; ,l;Lr;nrd;wJ. 1952 ,y; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf;
fl;rpapypUe;J mtu; kPz;Lk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;Fj; njupT
nra;ag;gl;lNjhL 1956 Nju;jypd; gpd;du; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf;
fl;rp jiyikapyhd murhq;fj;jpd; gpujkuhfj; j;pU.gz;lhuehaf;fh
mtu;fs;; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhu;. 1959 ,y; jpU.uh[gf;\
tptrha> fhzp mikr;ruhf epakpf;fg;gl;lhu;. 1959 nrj;njk;gupy;
gpujku; gz;lhuehaf;fhtpd; gLnfhiyiaj; njhlu;e;J 1960
khu;r;rpy; ,lk;ngw;w ghuhSkd;wj; Nju;jypy; mtu; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lhu;.
mjd; gpd;du; 1960 A+iyapy; ,lk;ngw;w mLj;j nghJj;Nju;jypy;
jpUkjp =khNth gz;lhuehaf;fh jiyikapyhd = yq;fh Rje;jpuf;
fl;rpapy; ,Ue;J ngypaj;j njhFjpapy; mtu; kPz;Lk; njupT
nra;ag;gl;lhu;. mtu; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; FOf;fspd; gpujpj;
jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;lNjhL gpd;du; gpujp rghehafuhfTk;
epakpf;fg;gl;lhu;. 1965 ,y; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rp
Njhy;tpaile;J I.Nj.f Ml;rpf;F te;jNjhL murpay; mjp\;lk;
kPz;Lk; khw;wkile;jNjhL mtu; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;lhu;.
k`pe;jtpd; Muk;gfhyk;;
MW rNfhjuu;fs; %d;W rNfhupfisf;
nfhz;l FLk;gnkhd;wpy; ,uz;lhktuhf njd;dpyq;ifapd; tPuf;nfl;bahtpy;
1945 etk;gu; 18 Mk; jpfjpad;W gpwe;j k`pe;j uh[gf;\
mth;fs; ,sikapypUe;Nj rpq;fs> ngsj;j kuGf;Nfw;g tsu;f;fg;gl;lhu;.
murpaYf;F gpuNtrpj;j mtuJ je;ij> khkh kw;Wk; ikj;Jdu;
MfpNahu; Muk;gf; fy;tp ngw;w njd;khfhzj;jpy; mike;Js;s
fhyp upr;kd;l; fy;Y}upapy; Muk;gf; fy;tpngw;wJk; FLk;g
kuig gpujpgypg;gjhf ,Ue;jJ. gpd;du; mtuJ fy;tpg; gazk;
nfhOk;G ehse;j fy;Y}up kw;Wk; Nj];ld; fy;Y}upia Nehf;fp
efu;e;jJ. gpd;du; mtu; nfhOk;G rl;lf;fy;Yhupapy; ,ize;J
rl;lk; gapd;wNjhL rl;lj;juzpnahUtuhfj; jifik ngw;whu;.
1977 etk;gupy; rl;lj;juzpnahUtuhf rj;jpag; gpukhzk;
nra;Jnfhz;lNjhL rl;lj;jpd; kdpj cupikfs; njhlu;ghd rl;lj;Jiwapy;
kpFe;j Mu;tj;Jld; nraw;ghl;lhu;. uh[gf;\ mtuJ khztu;
fhyk; KOtJk; njd;gFjpapd; rhjhuz nghJkf;fSldhd jdJ njhlu;ig
njhlu;e;Jk; Ngzp te;jjpdhy;; mth; tay;ntspfSf;Fk; kf;fspd;
tptrha tho;thjhuj;jpw;Fk; Gjpatuhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mtuJ
khztu; fhyg;gpuptpy; ,yq;ifapy; nfhOk;gpy; gykhd ,lJrhup
mikg;Gld; njhlu;G nfhz;bUe;jikapdhy; k`pe;jTk; ,lJrhupapdupd;
gy;NtW vjpu;g;G Mu;g;ghl;l> vOr;rp ,af;fq;fspy; gq;nfLj;jhu;.
1970 ,y; ngypaj;j Nju;jy; njhFjpapypUe;J
= yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rp cWg;gpdu; xUtuhf ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;Fj;
njupT nra;ag;gl;lNghJ mtUf;F taJ 24 MFk;. ,tNu ghuhSkd;wj;jpd;
kpf ,isa cWg;gpduhf ,Ue;jNjhL jdJ je;ij 1947 Kjy; Nju;jypy;
,Ue;J 1965 tiuahd mtuJ ,wg;Gtiu ,lk;ngw;w gy;NtW Nju;jy;fspYk;
gq;Fnfhz;l mNj Nju;jy; njhFjpiaNa gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;j;pdhu;.
mtu; njd; khfhzj;jpd; efukhd jq;fhiyapy; 1977 Kjy; 1994
tiu rl;lj;Jiwapy; gzpGupe;jNjhL mJ mtiu kf;fSlDk; mtu;fsJ
NjitfSlDk; njd; gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; mgptpUj;jp NjitfSlDk;
mtu; 1994 ,y; mikr;ru; xUtuhf epakpf;fg;gLk; tiu neUf;fkhd
njhlu;ig itj;jpUf;f cjtpaJ. 1977 ,y; I Nj fh tpd; mWjpg;
ngUk;ghd;ik ntw;wpapdhy; mtu; jdJ ghuhSkd;;w Mrdj;ij
,oe;jhu;. mijj; njhlu;e;J 1989 ,y; ,lk;ngw;w ghuhSkd;wj;
Nju;jypy; (ru;trd thf;nfLg;nghd;wpd; %yk; I.Nj.f mjd;
Ml;rpf; fhyj;ij MW tUlq;fspdhy; ePbj;jjd; gpd;du;) njhFjpthup
gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpd; fPo; `k;ghe;Njhl;il khtl;lj;jpy;
,Ue;J ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F kPz;L njupT nra;ag;gl;lNjhL 2005
etk;gupy; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk; nfhz;l rdhjpgjpahf njupT
nra;ag;gl;L ghuhSkd;wj;jw;F gpupahtpil nfhLf;Fk;tiu
jdJ gjtpiaj; njhlu;e;;jhu;.
tpRthrKk; murpaYk;
nfhs;iff;Fk; fl;rpf;Fk; tpRthrkhf
,Ug;gJ k`pe;j uh[gf;\ murpay; jj;Jtj;jpd; Kf;fpa mbg;gilahf
,Ue;JtUfpwJ. ,J njhlu;gpy; mtu; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpia
];jhgpg;gjpy; cjtp Gupe;j jdJ je;ijia Fwpg;ghf = yq;fh
Rje;jpuf; fl;rpf;Fk; jhd; Vw;Wf;nfhz;l murpay; topKiw
kw;Wk; jiyikj;Jtkhd fhyQ;nrd;w v];. lgps;A. Mu; b gz;lhuehaf;fh>
jpUkjp =khNth gz;lhuehaf;fh MfpNahUf;F toq;fpa Mjuit
Kd;khjpupahff; nfhz;L k`pe;j uh[gf;\ mtu;fSk; $l jpUkjp
gz;lhuehaf;fhTf;Fk;> = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpf;Fk;
kpfTk; tpRthrkhf ele;J nfhz;lhu;. = yq;fh Rje;uf; fl;rpf;fhd
tpRthrKk; gw;Wk; mtuJ murpaypy; Vw;w ,wf;fq;fSf;F nghWg;ghf
,Ue;jNjhL jdJ je;ijiag; Nghy; mtu; xU khztu; vd;wtifapy;
fl;rpapd; ,sk; Mu;tyuhf ,Ue;jfhyk; Kjy; jdJ murpay;
tho;T KOtJk; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu; xUtuhf> mikr;ruit
mikr;ruhf> gpujkuhf jw;NghJ ehl;bd; rdhjpgjpahf njhlu;e;Jk;
,Ue;JtUfpwhu;.
2004 Vg;gpuy; nghJj; Nju;jypy;
= yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rp jiyikapyhd If;fpa kf;fs; Rje;jpuf;
$l;lzp ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; ngUk;ghd;ikia ntd;wNghJ ,e;j
mtupy; fhzg;gl;l tpRthrj;jpd; fhuzkhfNt mtu; gpujkuhf
Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhu;. mtu; mg;NghJ = yq;fh Rje;jpuf;
fl;rpapd; rpNu\;l cgjiytuhf gjtp tfpj;jhu;. 2005 etk;gupy;
= yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd; rdhjpgjp Ntl;;ghsuhfj; mtiuj;
njupT nra;tjw;Fk; fl;rp mth; kPJ itj;jpUe;j tpRthrNk
fhuzkhFk;.
cupikfSf;fhd kdpju;
uh[gf;\ jdJ njhopy; tho;f;ifapd;
Muk;gk; KjNy jd;id Copau; cupikfs;> kdpj cupikfs;
vd;gtw;Wf;fhd Kd;Ndhb xUtuhf milahsq;fz;L kj;jpa ,lJrhup
murpay; epiyg;ghl;ilf; filg;gpbj;jhu;. 1988> 1989
fhyg;gpupTfspy; I.Nj.f murhq;fj;jpd; fPo; ghupa kdpj
cupik kPwy;fs; ,lk;ngw;w Ntisapy; kdpj cupikfSf;fhff;
Fuy; nfhLj;j Kd;dzpg; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu; xUtuhf ,Ue;jNjhL
kdpj cupikfspd; jw;fhg;Gf;fhf Kd;dzp tfpj;Jr; nraw;gl;lNjhL
mt;tplaj;ij ru;tNjr r%fj;jpw;F Kd;ghfTk; nfhz;L nrd;whu;.
1988> 1990 fhyg;gFjpapy; nts;isg;
gaq;fuk; vd tpgupf;fg;gl;l fhzhky;NghNdhupd; jha;khu;fis
xOq;FgLj;jp jha;khu; Kd;dzpia fyhepjp kNdhup rutzKj;JTld;
,ize;J nraw;gl;likahy; mtu; Kf;fpa jiytu; xUtuhfj; jpfo;e;jhu;.
kdpj cupikfs; njhlu;ghd mtuJ Mu;tj;jpw;F ,e;jpahtpd;
fy;fj;jh tp\;tghujp gy;fiyf;fofk; mtUf;F Nguhrpau; gl;lk;
toq;fp nfsutpj;jJ. kpfNkhrkhd epiyapypUe;j kf;fspd;
rdehaf uPjpahd cupikfisf; fhg;gjpy; Fwpg;ghf mg;Nghija
murhq;fj;jpw;F vjpuhf kf;fs; nraw;ghl;il ,af;Ftpg;gjpy;
mtu; ngUk; gq;F tfpj;jhu;. kpfTk; ntw;wpfukhf mtu; topelj;jpa
Mh;g;ghl;lq;fspy; nfhOk;gpypUe;J fjpu;fhkk; Gdpj jyj;jpw;F
ghij ahj;jpiu vd;w vjpu;g;Gg; NguzpahdJ kpfg; ngUk;
kf;fs; gq;Nfw;igf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. mj;NjhL 1994 Mf];by;
,lk;ngw;w nghJj;Nju;jyp;y; I.Nj.f murhq;fj;ijj; Njhy;tpailar;
nra;tjw;F tpj;jpl;l NkYk; gy nghJkf;fs; vjpu;g;G Cu;tyq;fis
Vw;ghL nra;tjpy; mtu; Kd;dzp tfpj;jNjhL mNj Mz;L etk;gupy;
4 MtJ epiwNtw;W rdhjpgjpahf = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd;
jpUkjp. re;jpupf;fh FkhuJq;fhtpd; njuptpw;Fk; gpd;du;
mJ toptFj;jJ.
1994 ,y; ,Ue;J 2001 tiu rdhjpgjp
FkhuJq;fhtpd; mikr;ruitapy; k`pe;j uh[gf;\ njhopy;>
tho;f;ifj; njhopy; gapw;rp kw;Wk; kPd;gpbj;Jiw mikr;ruhf
,Ue;jhu;. njhopy; mikr;ir rpwg;ghf gad;gLj;Jtjw;F njhopw;rq;f
nraw;ghLfspy; jdf;fpUe;j mDgtj;ij mtu; gfpu;e;J nfhz;lNjhL
nghJ kw;Wk; jdpahu;Jiwfspy; gy Copau;fspd; gpzf;Ffisj;
jPu;j;Jitg;gjw;Fk; mit cjtpd. njhopyhsu; r%fj;Jld; njhlu;Gila
tplaq;fis mtu; ruptug;Gupe;J nfhz;likahdJ rdhjpgjp FkhuJq;fhtpd;
murhq;fj;jpw;F rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l njhopyhsu; rhrdj;jpw;F
kpfTk; cjaspj;jJ. fpuhk kl;lj;jpy; 300 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l
gapw;rp epiyaq;fSld; tho;f;ifj; njhopy; gapw;rp mjpfhurigia
jhgpj;jik %yk; tho;f;ifj; njhopw;gapw;rpj; Jiwf;F mtu;
GjpanjhU mj;jpahaj;ijj; njhlf;fp itj;jhu;.
kPd;gpbj;Jiw mikr;ru; vd;w tifapy;
mtu; rKj;jpu gy;fiyf;fofnkhd;iwAk; fiuNahug; ghJfhg;Gg;
gpupnthd;iwAk; Muk;gpj;J itj;jhu;. ehl;bYs;s kPdt rKjhaq;fSf;F
tPlikg;Gj; jpl;lq;fis Muk;gpg;gjpy; mtu; Kd;ndLg;nghd;iw
Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. ngUe;Njhl;lj;Jiwapy; fhzg;gLk; kuG uPjpahd
tPlikg;G Vw;ghLfSf;F mg;ghy; ehl;by; jdpahd nghUshjhuj;
Jiwnahd;Wf;F mjpf vz;zpf;ifahd tPlikg;Gj; njhFjpfs;
,Jtiu epu;khzpf;fg;gl;lJ ,jw;F rhd;W gfu;fpd;wJ.
kPd;gpbj;Jiwf;F Nkyjpfkhf mtu;
%d;W khjq;fshf JiwKfq;fs;> fg;gy; Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;rh;
gjtpiaAk; tfpj;jhu;. ,f;fhyg; gpuptpy; ehl;by; nghUshjhu
kw;Wk; cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpapy; kpfKf;fpa eltbf;iffspy;
xd;whfpa `k;ghe;Njhl;ilapy; Gjpa JiwKfnkhd;iw epu;khzpg;gjw;fhd
gzpfisAk; Kd;ndLj;jhu;. rpy fhyq;fSf;F Kd;du; ,jd; gzp
epWj;jg;gl;bUe;jNghjpYk; mtu; epiwNtw;W rdhjpgjp njupT
nra;ag;gl;ljd; gpd;du; mjd; gzpfs; kPs Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
2004 Vg;gpuypy; gpujkuhfj; njupT
nra;ag;gl;lL 19 khjq;fspd; gpd; rdhjpgjpahfj; njupT
nra;ag;gLk; tiu mtu; neLQ;rhiyfs; mikr;irAk; ngWg;Ngw;Wg;
gzpGupe;jhu;. ,J ehl;by; tPjp mikg;G mgptpUj;jpapy;
mtu; fhl;ba Mu;tj;ijNa ,J fhl;LfpwJ. ,e;j mDgtk; tPjpfs;>
neLQ;rhiyfs; vd;gtw;wpy; ftdk; nrYj;jp mtuJ rdhjpgjp
Nju;jy; tpQ;Qhgdj;jpy; fkneFk fUj;jpl;lj;ij mwpKfg;gLj;Jtjw;F
,l;Lr; nrd;wJ. rdhjpgjp vd;w tifapy; mtu; murhq;ff;
nfhs;ifapd; Kf;fpaNjhu; mk;rkhf tPjp kw;Wk; neLQ;rhiyfs;
mgptpUj;jpia Nkw;nfhz;LtUfpwhu;.
mtu; epiwNtw;W rdhjpgjpahfj; njupT
nra;ag;gLk;tiu fle;j 25 tUlq;fshf gy];jPd MjuTf;fhd
,yq;iff;FOtpd; jiytuhf ,Ue;J tUfpwhu;. ,iwahd;ikAila
gy];jPd muR vd;w rl;lfj;jpDs; kj;jpa fpof;Fg; gpur;rpidf;F
mikjp topj; jPu;nthd;iw fhz;gjpy; mtu; vg;NghJk; Mu;tk;
fhl;btUfpwhu;.
rdhjpgjpahfg; gjtpNaw;wy;
k`pe;j uh[gf;\ ,yq;ifapd; rdhjpgjpg;
gjtpf;F jpBnud te;jtuy;y. mtu; jrhg;jq;fshf kf;fSlDk;
kf;fSf;fhfTk; jdJ murpay; fl;rpf;Fk; mjd; jiyikj;Jtj;jpw;Fk;
,ilawhj tpRthrj;ij ntspg;gLj;jp murpaypy; fuLKulhd>
rthy; kpf;f epiyikfSf;F ijupakhf Kfq;nfhLj;jtuhthu;.
murhq;fj;jpy; mikr;Rg; gjtpia tfpj;jjd; gpd;du; = yq;fh
Rje;jpuf; fl;rp 2001 jpnrk;gupy; Nju;jy; Njhy;tpiaj;
jOtp vjpu;f;fl;rpf;Fr; nrd;w gpd;du; mtu; murhq;fj;jpYk;
vjpu;jug;gpYk; ,Ue;J ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; ngw;Wf;nfhz;l gytUlfhy
mDgtk; vd;gtw;wpD}lhf 2002 khu;r;R khjj;jpy;; vjpu;f;fl;rpj;
jiytuhfj; njupT nra;ag;gl;lhu;.
2004 Vg;gpuypy; ,lk;ngw;w nghJj;Nju;jypy;
If;fpa kf;fs; Rje;jpuf; $l;lzp ntw;wpngw;wjd; gpd;du;
rdhjpgjp re;jpupf;fh FkhuJq;fh jiyikapyhd murhq;fj;jp;y;
mtu; 2004 Vg;gpuy; 06 Mk; jpfjpad;W ehl;bd; 13 MtJ gpujkuhfj;
njupT nra;ag;gl;lhu;. mjpfupj;j murpay; Nghl;bj; jd;ik
fhzg;gl;l fhyg;gFjpapy; = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapdJk;
mjd; Ner fl;rpfspdJk; gpujhd murpay; mikg;ghsuhf mtu;
jpfo;e;jhu;.
cau; ePjpkd;w cj;junthd;wpdhy;
2005 etk;gupy; xU tUlfhyj;Jf;F Kd;djhfNt rdhjpgjpj;
Nju;jy; mwptpf;fg;gl;lNghJ fl;rpapd; mg;Nghija rpNu\;l
cgjiytuhd k`pe;j uh[gf;\ 2005 etk;gu; 17 ,y; eilngw;w
Nju;jYf;fhd = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd; rdhjpgjp Ntl;ghsuhfj;
njupT nra;ag;gl;lhu;. mtuJ mq;fj;Jtk; gpd;du; Rkhu;
25 murpay; fl;rpfspdhYk; kf;fs; mikg;Gf;fspdhYk; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;;lJ.
,yq;if murpaypd; midj;J jug;gpduJk; MjuTld; mtu; njupT
nra;ag;gl;lNjhL 1970 ,y; ghuhSkd;w murpaYf;F Eioe;jjpypUe;J
jhd; tpRthrkhf ,Ue;Jte;j = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd;
cs;spUe;Nj Vw;gl;l rpy vjpu;g;G miyfSf;F Kfq;nfhLj;J
mtu; ngw;w milT kpfTk; Kf;fpaj;JtkhdjhFk;. fl;rpapd;
jiyikj;Jtk; kPjhd FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;bid ,oe;JtpLk; gaj;jpdhy;
Vw;gl;l vjpu;g;Ng mJthFk;.
kpfTk; ePjpahfTk;> Neu;ikahfTk;>
mikjpahfTk; ,lk;ngw;w Nju;jy; xd;wpy; jdJ Nju;jy; tpQ;Qhgdj;jpw;F
ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhu; Mjuspj;j epiyapy; 2005 etk;gu; 19
Mk; jpfjpad;W mtu; ,yq;if rdehaf Nrh\yprf; Fbaurpd;
Ie;jhtJ epiwNtw;W mjpfhuKila rdhjpgjpahf rj;jpag;gpukhzk;
nra;J nfhz;lhu;.
= yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpf;fhd mtuJ
mu;g;gzpg;G> ntw;wp Njhy;tpapd; NghJ mtu; fhl;ba
tpRthrk; vd;gtw;iw mq;fPfupj;J jdJ je;ij ,iz ];jhgfuhf
,Ue;j fl;rpapd; jiytuhf 2006 A+d; 29 Mk; jpfjpad;W njupT
nra;ag;gl;lhu;.
rdhjpgjpg; gjtp
k`pe;jtpd; rpe;jidapy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l
kf;fs; rhu;Gnfhz;l tpupthd nfhs;ifj; jpl;lj;jpw;F toq;fg;gl;l
Miziaj; njhlu;e;J ,yq;ifapd; rdhjpgjpg; gjtpia k`pe;j
uh[gf;\ jdjhf;fpf;nfhz;lhu;. ,f;nfhs;if tpsf;fkhdJ rdehaf
Kd;Ndw;wk;> Nkhrkhd gpuptpidthjg; gaq;futhjj;jpdhy;
cUthf;fg;gl;l ePz;lfhy ,dg;gpur;rpidf;F Ngr;Rthu;j;ij
%ykhd jPu;T vd;git gw;wp Fwpg;gpl;lNjhL nghUshjhu>
r%f tplaq;fSf;fhd r%f> rdehaf mDFKiwia toq;fp ,ytrf;
fy;tp> ,ytr Rfhjhu Nrit Nghd;w r%f eyNehk;Giff; nfhs;iffspd;
njhlu;if> murJiwapd; jdpahu;kag;gLj;Jiff;F KbTfl;ly;>
cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpf;fhd ghupa mu;g;gzpg;G> nghUshuj;jpd;
fpuhkpaj;Jiwiag; gyg;gLj;jy;> #oiyg;ghJfhj;jy; kw;Wk;
kpUfq;fis kdpjhgpkhd Kiwapy; elj;Jjy; Nghd;w ghuk;gupa
tpOkpaq;fisg; gpd;gw;Wjy; cs;spl;l gy tplaq;fisAk; ,J
cs;slf;fpapUe;jJ.
mtu; jhd; rdhjpgjpahfj; njupT
nra;ag;gl;L Ie;J khj fhyg;gpuptpDs; kpff;fbdkhd fhyg;gpupnthd;iwf;
fle;J nrd;whu;. gpuptpidthj jkpo; <o tpLjiyg; Gypfs;
mtu; njupT nra;ag;gl;L ,U thuq;fspDs;Ns ghJfhg;Gg;gilapdu;>
nghJkf;fs; kPJ jhf;Fjy;fis Muk;gpj;jdu;. 2005 jpnrk;gu;
Muk;gk; Kjy; 2006 Vg;gpuy; eLg;gFjptiu vy; up up <
,af;fj;jpdhy; Rkhu; 600 Ngiug; gLnfhiy nra;J Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l
Nfhg%l;Lk; td;KiwfSf;F kj;jpapYk; rdhjpgjp uh[gf;\ jhf;Fjy;njhLf;fhJ
fzprkhd nghWikiaAk; rfpg;Gj;jd;ikiaAk; fhl;b ru;tNjr
mgpg;gpuhaj;ij ntd;nwLj;jhu;. 2006 Vg;gpuypy; ,uhZtj;
jsgjpiag; gLnfhiy nra;tjw;F Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l Njhy;tpAw;w
jw;nfhiyf; Fz;Lj;jhf;Fjypd; gpd;du; vy; up up < apd;
epiyfs; kPJ kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l jhf;Fjy;fSf;F mtu; mDkjp
toq;fpdhu;. 2003 Vg;gpuypy; ,Ue;J xUjiyg;gl;rkhfg; Ngr;Rthu;j;ijia
gfp\;fupj;j vy; up up < Ald; kPz;Lk; Ngr;Rthu;j;ijfis
Muk;gpj;jjd; %yk; mtu; rkhjhdk;> Ngr;Rthu;ijfSf;fhd
jdJ mu;g;gzpg;ig ntspf;fhl;bdhu;. vdpDk;> vy; up
up < ahdJ rkhjhdj;jpw;fhd mtuJ efu;Tf;F vt;tpj rhjfkhd
gjpiyAk; mspf;ftpy;iy.
2006 eLg;gFjpapy; vy; up up <
,af;fk;; fpof;fpy; kpfKf;fpakhd mizf;fl;L thapyhd khtpyhW
mizf;fl;L thapiy %b> midj;J r%fq;fisAk; Nru;e;j Rkhu;
50>000 kf;fSf;fhd FbePu;> tptrha kw;Wk; tho;thjhuj;jpw;fhd
ePu; trjpiaj; jLj;J ghupa kdpjhgpkhd neUf;fbnahd;wpw;F
,l;Lr;nrd;w re;ju;g;gj;jpy; kf;fspd; rhu;ghf jPu;f;fkhd
epiyg;ghnlhd;iw vLg;gjw;F rdhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ jaf;fk;fhl;ltpy;iy.
khtpyhW mizf;fl;L thapiy jpwg;gjw;F mth; ghJfhg;Gg;
gilapdiu gad;gLj;jpdhh;. md;wpypUe;J ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh;
%J}h;> rhk;g+h; Nghd;w fpof;fpd; gFjpfis vy; up up
< ,lkpUe;J kPl;L> jpUNfhzkiy JiwKfj;jpd; ghJfhg;igg;
gyg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Kd;ndLj;jNjhL> ,Wjpahf
vy; up up < apd; gpbapypUe;J KO fpof;F khfhzj;ijAk;
tpLtpj;jdh;. fpof;fpd; mgptpUj;jpf;fhd Jupj epfo;r;rpj;
jpl;lnkhd;iw mth; jw;NghJ Muk;gpj;Js;shh;. mJ mq;F fzprkhd
nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;il Kd;ndLg;gjw;F ,l;Lr;nry;Yk; vd
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elj;jp epWtdq;fis RKf epiyf;F kPsf;nfhz;LtUk; vdTk;
vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
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neUf;fbf;F Ngr;Rthu;j;ij %ykhd murpay; jPu;nthd;iwf;
fhz;gjw;F rdhjpgjp uh[gf;\ njhlu;e;Jk; mu;g;gzpj;Jr;
nraw;gl;LtUtNjhL> Kf;fpa nfhs;if Kd;ndLg;nghd;whf
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vd;git njhlu;gpy; ,zf;fg;ghlhd jPu;nthd;iw vl;Ltjw;fhf
rh;tfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FOnthd;iw epakpj;Js;shu;.
mtu; gy ghupa cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpf;
fUj;jpl;lq;fisAk Kd;ndLj;Js;shu;. mtw;wpy; gpujhdkhf
`k;ghe;Njhl;ilapy; Gjpa JiwKfk; kw;Wk; ru;tNjr tpkhd
epiyak; Mfpatw;iw epu;khzpj;jy; ehl;bd; gpujhd efuq;fisj;
njhlu;GgLj;jpajhff; Fiwe;jJ ehd;F Gjpa neLQ;rhiyfis
mikj;jy; Nghd;w tlNky; khfhzj;jpy; Eiur;Nrhiyg;gFjpapy;
epyf;fup kpd; cw;gj;jp epiyankhd;iw mikj;jy;> Nky;
khfhzj;jpd; fk;g`h khtl;lj;jp;y; nfuntygpl;bahtpy; gy;Jiw
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re;ijfSf;fhd Muha;r;rp vd;gtw;Wld; fpuhkpa nghUshjhuj;Jiwia
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eLj;ju njhopy; Kaw;rp mgptpUj;jpahdJ fzprkhd Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg;
ngw;WtUfpwJ.
jfty; njhopEl;g Kd;ndLg;Gfs;
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kw;Wk; fdzpf;fy;tpiaf; nfhz;L nry;tjw;Fk; ehl;by; jfty;
njhopy;El;gj; Jiwapy; ghupa Kd;Ndw;wj;ijf; nfhz;LtUtjw;Fk;
MSifapy; mjd; gad;ghl;il Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; Gjpa Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs;
vLf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. fpuhkpa jfty; njhopEl;g epiyaq;fspy;
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mth;fs;> jhd; gpujkuhf ,Ue;j fhyg;gFjpapy; Kd;ndLj;j
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efurhu; gFjpfspy; mj;jifa 400 epiyaq;fs; jpwf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
ehl;by; njhiyj;njhlu;G trjpfspd; tp];jupg;ghdJ 2005
Jupj tsu;r;rpnahd;iwg; gjpTnra;Js;sNjhL> epiyahd
njhlu;G kw;Wk; ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrp ghtidahsu;fspd; vz;zpf;ifapy;
mjpfhpg;igf;fhl;b tUfpwJ.
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nfhs;iffis mwpKfg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. kdpjhgpkhd nfhs;ifapd;
gpujhd Kd;ndLg;nghd;whf rdhjpgjp uh[gf;\ gpupj;jhdpa
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Nkw;gl;l nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpAk; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
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